城市大气 VOCs 组成特征、来源及臭氧生成敏感性研究 | |
Alternative Title | Study on the c omposition c haracteristics, s ources of VOCs and the s ensitivity of ozone formation in urban atmosphere |
马伟![]() | |
Subtype | 硕士 |
Thesis Advisor | 王章玮 |
2019-06 | |
Degree Grantor | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心 |
Place of Conferral | 北京 |
Degree Name | 理学硕士 |
Degree Discipline | 环境科学 |
Keyword | 挥发性有机物,臭氧,气团,光化学模型,来源解析 volatile Organic Compounds Ozone Air Mass Ph Otochemical Model Source Appointment |
Abstract | 近年来,我国大气挥发性有机物( VOCs 和臭氧 O 3 污染问题 日益凸显VOCs 和 O 3 浓度升高 对城市或区域的空气质量、生态系统以及 全球 气候 变化有直接或间接影响 。 目前有关 VOCs 和 O 3 的研究 主要 集中在京津冀、长三角、珠三角以及中西部大城市, 而我国幅员辽阔,不同地区 VOCs 和 O 3 污染差异很大,东部沿海城市 威海 与 西部地区 乌鲁木齐 O 3 问题日益凸显 。威海市 2014 至 2017年 O 3 呈上升趋势,其中 2017 年 5~ 10 月 O 3 浓度 较 2016 年同期 上升 12.18%12.18%;近年来, 乌鲁木齐夏季 O 3 作 为首要污染物的天数和其浓度呈 上升 趋势 且 VOCs和 O 3 研究仍 缺乏 。因此,本文 利用 SUMMA 罐采样 三级冷阱预浓缩 GC/FID/MS分析系统, 率先 研究威海和乌鲁木齐 城市 大气 VOCs 组成 特征和 来源, 结合 后向轨迹 模型 探讨 不团气团来向 的 VOCs 组成特征, 并 利用基于观测的 模型 OBM对威海 O 3 生成的典型化学过程及敏感性作了初步研究, 并 取得了一定认识, 主要 结果如下: |
Other Abstract | In recent years,air pollution of VOCs and ozone in China has become more and more prominent and enhanced concentration of VOCs and ozone would have a direct or indirect impact on the air quality, ecosystem and global climate change At present ,the reseaches on V OCs and ozone mostly condu c ted in Beijing Tianjin Hebei, Yangtze River Delta, the Pearl River D elta and metropolitan cities in Midwest H o wev er, China has a vast territory and VOCs and ozone pollution varies greatly in different areas and the current situation of VOCs and O 3 pollut ion in coastal and western cities such as Weihai and Urumqi, is not well understood. O 3 concentration in Weihai was on the rise from 2014 to 2017, and from May to October 2017 increased by 12.18% compared with that over the same period in 2016. I n recent years the days and concentrations of O 3 as the primary pollutant were on the rise in Urumqi The knowledg e on VOCs and O 3 is still lacking, and futher reseach is needed. Therefore, in this study, composition characteristics and source attr ibution of VOCs in Weihai and U rumqi were performed by using SUMMA sampling and GC FID/MS analysis system coupled with a three stage preconcentration . B ackward trajectory was used to discuss the composition characteristics of VOCs under the different air masses . Meanwhile, the typical chemical process and the sensitivity of ozone formation in Weihai were preliminarily studied by using the observation based model ( OBM). The main results are as The average concentration of total NMHCs (TNMHCs at S handa (SD) and Lingang ( in Weihai were 10.45±7.50×10 9 v/v and 9.33±7.16×10 9 v/v, respectively,and the highest concentration was alkanes, followed by alkene s, aromatics and alkynes . PMF(Positive Matrix model results showed that at SD and LG solvent use and evaporation, and the vehicle emissi on contributed to more than 50% At GQP, industrial processes and automobile exhaust emissions contributed largely to VOCs during the observation period, reaching to 31.67% and 24.42% respectively. Results of OBM simulation indicated tha t LG was controlled by VOCs during whole observation period; SD was mainly control ed by VOCs in May, but jointly controlled by NOx and VOCs in September. The control of anthropogenic alkenes and aromatic hydrocarbons was the most effective in controlling O 3 pollution. The daily average of net O 3 formation rate 𝑃(𝑂3)𝑛𝑒𝑡 were respectively 7. 64 x 10 9 /h and 3.02 x 10 9 /h at SD and LG . Lo cal O 3 production at SD not only sustained its in situ ozone but |
Pages | 94 |
Language | 中文 |
Document Type | 学位论文 |
Identifier | http://ir.rcees.ac.cn/handle/311016/42266 |
Collection | 大气环境科学实验室 |
Recommended Citation GB/T 7714 | 马伟. 城市大气 VOCs 组成特征、来源及臭氧生成敏感性研究[D]. 北京. 中国科学院生态环境研究中心,2019. |
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