油田废水中高分子聚丙烯酰胺生物可降解性及去除技术研究 | |
Alternative Title | The biodegradability and the removal technology of high molecular weight polyacrylamide in oilfield waste water |
宋文哲![]() | |
Subtype | 博士 |
Thesis Advisor | 张昱 ; 杨敏 |
2019-06 | |
Degree Grantor | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心 |
Place of Conferral | 北京 |
Degree Name | 工学博士 |
Degree Discipline | 环境工程 |
Keyword | 采出水 聚丙烯酰胺 生物处理 分子量 等离子体 Produced Water , Polyacrylamide , Biological Treatment , Molecular |
Abstract | 高分子量聚丙烯酰胺(分子量在107 Da以上)具有增加溶液粘度并抵抗高的机械力的特性,因此被广泛应用于海上和陆地油田强化采油。大量使用的聚丙烯酰胺在采油后会随着采出水回到海上平台或地面上,如果直接排放会带来潜在的环境风险。短期的好氧和厌氧评价实验表明聚丙烯酰胺很难生物处理,然而废水中聚丙烯酰胺的长期生物降解性还不清楚。聚丙烯酰胺可能的生物降解途径主要包括酰胺基水解和碳链断裂,以往的研究表明酰胺基可以水解产生氨氮用于微生物生长,但由于缺少合适的表征107 Da以上分子量PAM的方法,有关碳链能否发生断裂还缺乏相关证据。另一方面,油田废水达标外排也需要快速有效去除废水中的聚丙烯酰胺。因此,研究废水中高分子量聚丙烯酰胺的长期生物可降解性以及快速去除技术具有重要的意义。 |
Other Abstract | High molecular weight (more than 10 7 Da ) polyacrylamide (PAM) could increase the viscosity of solution and tolerate high mechanical forces therefore it was widely used in the onshore and offshore oil field s to enhance oil recovery . The produced water with a large amount of PAM was brought to the o ffshore platforms or ground after oil recovery . It will pose potentially dangerous if the produced water was discharged into the environment directly. The PAM was recalcitran t accrording to the short term evaluation standard for aerobic and anaerobic biodegradabilit y , however, the biodegradability of PAM in the wastewater in the long term biological treatment was uncertainy. Two aerobic suspend sludge (25 and 40 °C ) and two upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (35 and 55 °C reactors were installed and operated. Flow field fractionation coupled with multi angles laser light scattering was used to analyze the molecular weight change of PAM. The results showed that b oth anaerobic and aerobic biological treatment reduced the molecular weight of PAM from 2. 17 ×10 7 to 3.76-5.87×106 Da u nder a hydraulic residence time of 2 d and the addition of starch as the carbon sources. T he viscosity was also declined from 2.02 cp in the influent to 1.45 1.60 cp ,which indicated the cleavage of main carbon chain. T he amino hydrolysis and the cleavage of main carbon chain of PAM were further supported by the FTIR analysis.It was found that the temperature had little effect on the molecular weight change of PAM over the range 25 55 °C by batch experiment Therefore it was speculated that the cleavage of the main carbon chain was attributed to biological processes . This research provide s the data and scientific basis for the risk assessment and environmental management of PAM in the oilfield wastewater and relevant aquatic environment
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Pages | 142 |
Language | 中文 |
Document Type | 学位论文 |
Identifier | http://ir.rcees.ac.cn/handle/311016/42356 |
Collection | 环境水质学国家重点实验室 |
Recommended Citation GB/T 7714 | 宋文哲. 油田废水中高分子聚丙烯酰胺生物可降解性及去除技术研究[D]. 北京. 中国科学院生态环境研究中心,2019. |
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